— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些是抗膽鹼副作用？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are anticholinergic side effects? (Select all that apply.)
- ADry mouth✓ 正解口乾
- BUrinary retention✓ 正解尿滯留
- CConstipation✓ 正解便秘
- DSalivation唾液分泌過多
- EBlurred vision✓ 正解視力模糊
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
抗膽鹼藥物（Anticholinergics）會阻斷副交感神經系統的乙醯膽鹼受體，其臨床表現可歸納為「無法看、無法尿、無法排、無法吐（Can't see, can't pee, can't shit, can't spit）」。護理師在給予此類藥物（如 Atropine, Oxybutynin）時，需針對這些副作用進行衛教與監測，以防病人發生嚴重的排泄功能障礙。
Anticholinergic medications block acetylcholine receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system. Their clinical manifestations can be summarized as 'Can't see, can't pee, can't shit, can't spit.' When administering this class of drugs (such as atropine or oxybutynin), the nurse must provide education and monitor for these side effects to prevent serious impairment of excretory function in the client.