— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人獲醫囑給予靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq，護理師在給藥前最優先的行動是什麼？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which action by the nurse is the priority before administering the medication?
- ADilute the medication in 50 mL of saline將藥物稀釋於 50 mL 生理鹽水中
- BVerify the concentration of the potassium solution確認氯化鉀溶液的濃度
- CCheck the IV site for signs of infiltration檢查靜脈注射部位是否有滲漏跡象
- DAssess the client's current urine output✓ 正解評估病人目前的尿液排出量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
給予鉀離子前，必須確認病人腎功能正常且有足夠尿液排除，否則易致高血鉀引發心律不整。臨床上常說「No urine, no potassium」，這是預防嚴重醫療過失的核心準則。其餘選項雖重要，但尿液排除是給予鉀離子安全性的前提。
Before administering potassium, the nurse must verify normal renal function and adequate urine output; otherwise hyperkalemia and life-threatening arrhythmias can occur. The clinical adage "No urine, no potassium" embodies a core principle for preventing serious medication errors. The other options are important, but adequate urinary excretion is a prerequisite for safe potassium administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆嚴格執行此原則，但在美國較常透過電子給藥系統（BCMA）硬性規定尿量紀錄才能過關。