護理師準備給藥，下列哪項措施是確保病人安全最有效的方式？
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Which action is the most effective way to ensure client safety?
- AAsk the client to state their name and room number請個案報出姓名與房號
- BCheck the medication label against the MAR three times三次核對藥物標籤與醫囑紀錄(MAR)
- CVerify the client's identity using two unique identifiers✓ 正解使用兩項獨立識別碼驗證個案身分
- DConfirm the medication order with the primary provider與主治醫師確認藥物醫囑
給藥安全是護理品質的基石。為了確保「給對病人」，醫療機構採取兩個唯一識別碼（Two-client identifiers）原則，例如姓名與出生日期。僅詢問姓名是不夠的，因為可能出現同名同姓的病人；詢問房號更不可靠，因為病人可能因為轉床或入院順序而更動。使用兩個識別碼能有效降低誤給藥的機率，這是美國醫院評鑑組織（The Joint Commission）規定的強制性安全目標。
Medication safety is the cornerstone of nursing quality. To ensure that medication is given to the right client, healthcare institutions use the principle of two client identifiers, such as name and date of birth. Asking only the name is insufficient because clients with the same name may be present; asking the room number is even less reliable, since clients may be moved between beds or admitted in varying order. Using two identifiers effectively reduces the chance of medication errors and is a mandatory safety goal set by The Joint Commission.
在美國醫院，護理師通常會掃描病人的條碼手環（Barcode Medication Administration, BCMA），這自動連結了兩個唯一識別碼。台灣臨床雖逐漸引入此系統，但仍需強調護理師主動口頭詢問兩個識別碼的習慣。