護理師準備為低血鉀病人進行靜脈輸注氯化鉀。給藥前最優先的評估為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously to a client with hypokalemia. Which assessment is the priority before starting the infusion?
- AVerifying the client's serum creatinine level確認病人的血清肌酸酐值
- BChecking the client's hourly urine output✓ 正解檢查病人的每小時尿量
- CMonitoring the client's blood pressure監測病人的血壓
- DAssessing the peripheral IV site for patency評估周邊靜脈留置針的通暢性
靜脈輸注鉀離子（Potassium Chloride）具有極高的醫療風險，因為過高的血鉀濃度會直接導致嚴重的心律不整甚至心跳停止。鉀離子主要經由腎臟排泄，若病人無尿（Anuria）或腎功能嚴重受損，補充鉀離子極易導致致命的高血鉀症。因此，確認尿量是否足夠（確保腎功能正常）是給藥前最關鍵的護理安全檢查。
Potassium chloride carries a high risk of causing fatal hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias if excreted poorly. Since the kidneys are the primary route for potassium elimination, verifying adequate hourly urine output ensures renal function is intact before administration. This assessment prioritizes patient safety against electrolyte toxicity.
美國臨床對於 IV Potassium 的給藥規範極為嚴格（通常必須透過幫浦給予，且有濃度上限），護理師若未確認腎功能便給藥，屬於嚴重的給藥錯誤（Medication Error），這在 NCLEX 考試中是絕對的優先級陷阱。