— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位 T6 水平脊髓損傷的病人發生高血壓危象，最可能的原因為何？
A client with a spinal cord injury at the T6 level experiences a hypertensive crisis. What is the most likely cause?
- ACardiac arrhythmia心律不整
- BPulmonary embolism肺栓塞
- CHypovolemic shock低血容量性休克
- DAutonomic dysreflexia✓ 正解自律神經反射異常
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
自律神經反射異常（Autonomic dysreflexia）常見於 T6 以上之脊髓損傷。當膀胱充盈、腸道堵塞或皮膚受刺激時，會引發交感神經過度反射，導致嚴重高血壓、頭痛與臉部潮紅。這是致命的急症。
Autonomic dysreflexia is commonly seen in spinal cord injuries at or above T6. Triggers such as bladder distention, bowel impaction, or skin irritation can cause exaggerated sympathetic reflexes, leading to severe hypertension, headache, and facial flushing. This is a life-threatening emergency.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地皆高度重視 AD 辨識，美國護理師常有特定的緊急處理流程（如先排除導尿管阻塞）。