一位 45 歲客戶諮詢大腸直腸癌篩檢。對於平均風險的成人,使用糞便免疫化學檢測 (FIT) 的標準篩檢頻率為何?
A 45-year-old client asks the nurse about recommended screening for colorectal cancer. Which screening frequency is the standard for an average-risk adult using a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)?
- AEvery 10 years每 10 年一次
- BEvery 3 years每 3 年一次
- CEvery year✓ 正解每年一次
- DEvery 5 years每 5 年一次
大腸直腸癌篩檢指引旨在早期發現癌症或癌前病變。對於平均風險(Average-risk)的成人,美國預防服務工作小組(USPSTF)與美國癌症協會(ACS)建議多種篩檢方式。糞便免疫化學檢測(FIT)因為屬於非侵入性且靈敏度高,標準執行建議為每年一次。若檢測結果異常,則需進一步安排大腸鏡檢查。這種定期篩檢能有效降低大腸癌的死亡率。
Colorectal cancer screening aims to detect cancer or precancerous lesions early. For average-risk adults, both USPSTF and ACS recommend several screening modalities. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is noninvasive and sensitive; the standard recommendation is annual screening. If abnormal, follow-up colonoscopy is arranged. Regular screening effectively reduces colorectal cancer mortality.
美國目前的篩檢指引更新頻繁,目前建議 45 歲即開始定期篩檢;台灣目前的國健署大腸癌篩檢政策對 50-74 歲民眾提供每兩年一次的糞便潛血檢查(iFOBT/FIT),這與美國的建議頻率有所差異,考生需區分考題針對的是美國指引。