護理師正在進行給藥流程。下列哪些行為代表安全護理實務？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is administering medications to a client. Which of the following indicate safe nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)
- AComparing the medication label with the MAR at the bedside✓ 正解在床邊將藥物標籤與藥物給藥紀錄表進行核對
- BAsking the client to state their name and date of birth✓ 正解請病人自報姓名與出生日期
- CCrushing an extended-release tablet for a client with dysphagia將延釋錠劑磨碎給吞嚥困難的病人服用
- DChecking the expiration date of the medication✓ 正解檢查藥物的有效期限
- EDocumenting the medication after administration✓ 正解給藥後記錄藥物
安全給藥的護理實務奠基於「三讀五對」。在床邊進行核對（Bedside verification）是防止給藥錯誤的最後一道防線，包括核對藥物標籤與給藥紀錄（MAR），並使用兩個病人辨識標記（如姓名、生日）。給藥後立即記錄可防止重複給藥或遺漏。任何藥物處置必須嚴守劑型限制，例如不可研磨長效緩釋劑型（Extended-release），以免藥物瞬間釋放導致毒性風險。
Safe medication administration is grounded in the rights of medication administration and the three-check process. Bedside verification is the last line of defense against medication errors and includes comparing the medication label with the medication administration record (MAR) and using two patient identifiers (such as name and date of birth). Immediate documentation after administration prevents double-dosing and omissions. Any handling of medications must strictly respect dosage form limitations; for example, extended-release tablets must never be crushed, as this can cause an abrupt release of the drug with a risk of toxicity.