— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位因心衰竭服用呋塞米（furosemide）的病人出現肌肉抽筋與無力。護理師應優先調查哪項檢驗值？
A client taking furosemide for heart failure reports muscle cramps and weakness. Which lab value should the nurse investigate first?
- ASerum creatinine血清肌酸酐
- BSerum potassium✓ 正解血清鉀
- CBlood urea nitrogen尿素氮
- DSerum sodium血清鈉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呋塞米（Furosemide）是一種強效環利尿劑（Loop diuretic），其作用機轉為抑制亨利氏環（Loop of Henle）對鈉、氯與鉀離子的再吸收。臨床上長期使用會導致鉀離子經由尿液大量流失，進而引發低血鉀症（Hypokalemia）。肌肉抽筋與無力是低血鉀影響神經肌肉傳導的典型症狀，因此優先調查血鉀數值是臨床評估重點。
Investigate serum potassium levels first, as furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia. Muscle cramps and weakness are classic signs of low potassium, whereas other lab values like creatinine, BUN, or sodium are less directly related to these specific symptoms.