護理師可以安全地將下列哪些任務委派給經驗豐富的輔助人員（UAP）？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following tasks can the nurse safely delegate to an experienced Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.)
- AMeasuring the intake and output of a client with a continuous bladder irrigation.測量接受持續膀胱沖洗之病人的出入量
- BRepositioning a client who had a stroke 48 hours ago and is clinically stable.✓ 正解重新安置四十八小時前中風且臨床狀況穩定的病人
- CAssisting a client with chronic stable angina to ambulate in the hallway.✓ 正解協助患有慢性穩定型心絞痛的病人在走廊行走
- DPerforming a sterile dressing change for a client with a central venous catheter.為患有中心靜脈導管的病人進行無菌敷料更換
- ECollecting a clean-catch urine specimen from a cooperative client.✓ 正解從合作之病人收集清潔中段尿標本
委派（Delegation）必須遵守「五對」原則：正確的任務、情況、人員、溝通與監督。UAP 的職責通常侷限於非侵入性、常規性且風險低的活動。選項 B（翻身）、C（協助走動）與 E（收集尿標本）皆屬於 UAP 的標準訓練範圍。選項 A 涉及「連續膀胱沖洗」（CBI），這需要複雜的計算（總排出量減去沖洗量）與評估引流液顏色以判斷是否出血，不應委派。選項 D 涉及無菌換藥與中心靜脈導管，這是高風險、侵入性的無菌技術，必須由 RN 或 LPN 執行。UAP 不得執行評估、給藥或需要高度專業判斷的任務。
Delegation must follow the 'Five Rights': right task, right circumstance, right person, right communication, and right supervision. The UAP's role is generally limited to non-invasive, routine, low-risk activities. Options B (repositioning), C (assisting with ambulation), and E (collecting a urine specimen) are all within the standard scope of UAP training. Option A involves continuous bladder irrigation (CBI), which requires complex calculations (total output minus irrigation volume) and assessment of drainage color to determine bleeding, so it should not be delegated. Option D involves a sterile dressing change for a central venous catheter, which is a high-risk, invasive sterile technique that must be performed by an RN or LPN. UAPs cannot perform assessments, administer medications, or carry out tasks requiring high-level professional judgment.
在美國，UAP 的訓練與認證（如 CNA）較為結構化，能執行測量生命徵象與基本照護；台灣醫院的「病房助理」或「照顧服務員」職責差異較大，部分醫院甚至不允許輔助人員接觸標本收集，考試應以美國標準為準。