— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師何時應使用肥皂與水而非酒精洗手液？
When should the nurse use soap and water instead of alcohol-based hand rub?
- AAfter contact with body fluids接觸體液後
- BAfter removing gloves脫除手套後
- CBefore touching a patient接觸病人前
- DWhen hands are visibly soiled✓ 正解當雙手明顯髒污時
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
當手部有明顯污垢、排泄物或遭受污染（Visibly soiled）時，酒精無法穿透有機物質進行消毒，必須依賴流水與肥皂的機械力將污垢與微生物移除。其他選項（如接觸病人前後）若手部清潔，可使用酒精洗手液以提升效率並減少皮膚乾燥。這是感染控制的核心原則。
When the hands are visibly soiled, contaminated with excretions, or otherwise visibly dirty, alcohol cannot penetrate organic material to disinfect, so soap and running water must be used to mechanically remove dirt and microorganisms. In other situations (such as before or after touching a patient), if the hands are clean, alcohol-based hand rub may be used for efficiency and to reduce skin dryness. This is a core principle of infection control.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台感控觀念一致，台灣在醫院推廣「濕洗手」時，常針對腸胃道感染病房進行特別教育。