— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl）時，下列哪項處置是必須的？
Which of the following interventions is essential when administering IV potassium chloride?
- AAdminister as an IV push作為靜脈推注給藥
- BDilute the medication properly✓ 正解適當稀釋藥物
- CEnsure the patient is not on diuretics確保病人未使用利尿劑
- DAdminister through a central line only僅通過中央靜脈導管給藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注氯化鉀極其危險，絕對不可直接 IV Push（會導致心跳停止）。必須將其充分稀釋，且若經周邊靜脈給藥需嚴格控制濃度。雖然中央靜脈給藥相對安全，但並非絕對唯一途徑。需確保病人有足夠尿量後方可給鉀。
IV administration of potassium chloride is extremely dangerous and must never be given as a direct IV push (which can cause cardiac arrest). It must be adequately diluted, and concentrations must be strictly controlled if given through a peripheral vein. Although administration through a central line is relatively safer, it is not the only acceptable route. Adequate urine output must be confirmed before potassium is administered.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台給鉀安全規範嚴格一致，均嚴禁直接注射，且需醫囑確認濃度。