— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人被處方靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。護理師發現輸注過程中病人出現潮紅、低血壓與心搏過速。哪項是優先護理處置？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. The nurse notes the client develops flushing, hypotension, and tachycardia during infusion. What is the priority nursing action?
- AAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- BSlow the infusion rate減慢輸注速率
- CNotify the provider for an order of epinephrine通知醫師開立腎上腺素醫囑
- DStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現為典型的「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），是因為萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺大量釋放。首要處置應為立即停止輸注，觀察症狀改善後，再依醫囑調整輸注速率。若只是輕微紅疹，可考慮減慢速度，但出現低血壓時應先停止。
The symptoms describe Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion, which can lead to hemodynamic instability such as hypotension. The priority nursing action is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further complications, after which the rate may be adjusted or antihistamines administered as ordered.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆嚴格規定 Vancomycin 輸注時間，通常至少 60-90 分鐘以避免此併發症。