— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照顧一位有高血壓病史的病人，下列哪些藥物在給藥前需要與醫師確認？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of hypertension. Which medications should the nurse clarify with the provider before administration? (Select all that apply.)
- APseudoephedrine for nasal congestion✓ 正解用於鼻塞的偽麻黃鹼
- BIbuprofen for mild headache✓ 正解用於輕微頭痛的布洛芬
- CAcetaminophen for mild pain用於輕微疼痛的乙醯胺酚
- DLicorice root extract for stomach upset✓ 正解用於胃部不適的甘草根萃取物
- ENaproxen sodium for joint pain✓ 正解用於關節痛的萘普生鈉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓病人需避免會造成血壓上升或與降壓藥交互作用的物質。擬交感神經藥物（Pseudoephedrine）會使血管收縮導致血壓升高；非類固醇消炎藥（NSAIDs）如 Ibuprofen 及 Naproxen 會引起水鈉滯留，減弱降壓藥效果。甘草根含有甘草酸，長期食用會產生假性醛固酮增多症，導致高血壓與低血鉀。Acetaminophen 對血壓無明顯影響，故可使用。
Pseudoephedrine, NSAIDs like ibuprofen and naproxen, and licorice root can increase blood pressure or interfere with antihypertensive therapy through vasoconstriction, fluid retention, or sodium retention. Acetaminophen is generally safe and does not significantly affect blood pressure control.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師在用藥衛教上更強調非處方藥（OTC）對慢性病管理的影響；台灣病人則較常忽略 OTC 的潛在風險。