— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些藥物應避免給予氣喘病史的病人？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following medications should the nurse avoid administering to a client with a history of asthma? (Select all that apply.)
- APropranolol✓ 正解普萘洛爾
- BLisinopril貝那普利
- CIbuprofen✓ 正解布洛芬
- DAtenolol✓ 正解阿替洛爾
- EAcetaminophen乙醯胺酚
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
非選擇性乙型阻斷劑（如 Propranolol）會阻斷支氣管的 Beta-2 受體，引起支氣管收縮。選擇性 Beta-1 阻斷劑（如 Atenolol）雖風險較低，但高劑量仍可能影響支氣管。非類固醇消炎藥（NSAIDs，如 Ibuprofen）可能誘發阿斯匹靈敏感性氣喘，故皆應避免或謹慎使用。
Nonselective beta-blockers such as propranolol block beta-2 receptors in the bronchi and cause bronchoconstriction. Selective beta-1 blockers such as atenolol carry a lower risk but at high doses can still affect the bronchi. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen may trigger aspirin-sensitive asthma; all of these should therefore be avoided or used with caution.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫學中心針對氣喘病史用藥審核極嚴，電子病歷常會自動警示，美國亦有類似的藥物預警系統（CDSS）。