— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正準備給予萬古黴素（vancomycin）的靜脈輸注。哪種潛在的副作用最嚴重？
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV infusion of vancomycin. Which potential adverse effect is most serious?
- ANephrotoxicity✓ 正解腎毒性
- BPhlebitis靜脈炎
- CNausea噁心
- DRed Man Syndrome紅人症候群
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）的副作用中，腎毒性（Nephrotoxicity）是最嚴重的長期併發症。它會導致腎小管損傷，嚴重時會引起永久性腎功能衰竭。因此，在給藥前後必須密切監測腎功能指標（如 Creatinine, BUN），並根據血中藥物濃度（Trough level）調整給藥頻率與劑量，以最大程度減少對腎臟的損傷。
Nephrotoxicity is the most serious potential adverse effect of vancomycin, as it can cause irreversible renal tubular damage and permanent kidney failure. Therefore, nurses must closely monitor renal function indicators such as creatinine and BUN, and adjust dosages based on trough levels to prevent significant harm to the kidneys.