— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · SATA —
護理師教導便秘病人選擇高纖維食物。應推薦下列哪些食物？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with constipation about high-fiber food choices. Which foods should be recommended? (Select all that apply.)
- ALentils✓ 正解扁豆
- BWhite bread白麵包
- CPears (with skin)✓ 正解梨子（帶皮）
- DCooked broccoli✓ 正解煮熟的花椰菜
- ECheese起司
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療便秘的核心在於增加糞便體積與促進腸道蠕動，透過增加膳食纖維（Dietary fiber）攝取能有效吸收水分，使糞便軟化並加速通過腸道。臨床指引推薦高纖飲食，包括豆類、全穀類、新鮮蔬果。護理師在衛教時需強調，增加纖維攝取同時必須增加水分攝取，否則反而可能加重便秘。正確選項均為高纖維食物來源，而白麵包與起司則缺乏纖維，甚至可能因其成分特性導致腸道蠕動減慢。
Management of constipation centers on increasing stool bulk and promoting peristalsis. Dietary fiber absorbs water, softens stool, and accelerates intestinal transit. Recommended high-fiber sources include legumes, whole grains, and fresh fruits/vegetables. The nurse should emphasize concurrent adequate fluid intake; otherwise additional fiber may worsen constipation. White bread and cheese are low in fiber and may slow transit.