一位 45 歲焦慮症病人主訴心悸、顫抖及瀕死感。護理師首要介入措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic reporting heart palpitations, tremors, and a sense of impending doom. Which intervention is the highest priority for the nurse?
- AProvide a quiet, low-stimulus environment✓ 正解提供安靜、低刺激的環境
- BAdminister an as-needed PRN dose of an anxiolytic給予處方箋上標註「必要時」(PRN)劑量的抗焦慮藥物
- CTeach the client deep breathing exercises教導病人進行深呼吸練習
- DEncourage the client to discuss the stressors鼓勵病人討論壓力來源
面對焦慮症急性發作病人，首要之務是降低環境刺激，協助病人平復情緒並確保安全。在焦慮水平極高時，病人無法專注於深度呼吸教學（C）或深度諮商（D），而給藥（B）屬於後續處置或需醫師指令，環境調控是護理師可立即操作的非侵入性緩解策略。
For a client in an acute anxiety attack, the first priority is reducing environmental stimulation to calm the client and ensure safety. At high anxiety levels the client cannot focus on deep breathing teaching (C) or in-depth counseling (D); medication (B) requires an order and time to work. Environmental modification is a non-invasive intervention the nurse can implement immediately.
台美兩地對 Panic attack 的處置均強調環境調整，台灣急診更偏向先由醫師評估給藥，美國護理師常依執業範疇優先進行環境調整。