一位思覺失調症個案出現社交退縮，且拒絕在公共餐廳用餐。護理師應採取哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting signs of social withdrawal and refuses to eat in the common dining area. Which actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage the client to eat with a small group of trusted peers鼓勵個案與一小群值得信賴的同儕一起進食
- BAllow the client to eat alone to minimize stress during initial phases✓ 正解允許個案獨自進食，以在初期階段減少壓力
- CMonitor the client's nutritional status closely✓ 正解密切監測個案的營養狀況
- DForce the client to attend all communal meals to promote socialization強迫個案參加所有團體餐點以促進社交
- EProvide simple, non-threatening opportunities for social engagement✓ 正解提供簡單、無威脅性的社交互動機會
針對社交退縮的思覺失調症個案，需循序漸進增加社交互動。初期強迫進入社交場所可能增加焦慮，允許其在安全區域用餐並監測營養狀況是基本人權與護理重點。選項 E 提供非威脅性互動機會能逐漸建立信任與社交耐受力。
For a socially withdrawn client with schizophrenia, social interaction should be increased gradually. Forcing the client into social settings early may heighten anxiety. Allowing the client to eat alone in a safe space and monitoring nutritional status meet basic rights and core nursing priorities. Option E—providing simple, non-threatening opportunities for engagement—gradually builds trust and social tolerance.
美國重視以個案為中心的漸進式康復（Recovery Model）；台灣臨床受限於人力，較多採取固定作息強制參與。