— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位患有創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）的個案，護理師應採取何項介入措施以協助其應對侵入性回憶？
A client is experiencing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to help the client manage intrusive memories?
- AAdminister anxiolytics around the clock全天候給予抗焦慮藥物
- BSuggest the client avoid all reminders of the trauma建議病人避免所有觸發創傷記憶的事物
- CEncourage the client to discuss the traumatic event in detail鼓勵病人詳細討論創傷事件
- DTeach the client grounding techniques to use when memories occur✓ 正解教導病人在回憶出現時使用接地技巧
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
侵入性回憶是 PTSD 的典型症狀。指導個案使用「錨定技巧」（Grounding techniques），如專注於當下的感官覺知，可協助個案將意識拉回現實，脫離創傷重現的痛苦。強迫討論細節可能引發二次創傷，而過度迴避則會阻礙處理創傷的過程。
Intrusive memories are a hallmark PTSD symptom. Teaching grounding techniques—such as focusing on present-moment sensory awareness—helps the client return to reality and step out of trauma re-experiencing. Forcing detailed discussion may cause re-traumatization, while complete avoidance impedes processing of the trauma.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美均強調認知行為療法（CBT）與錨定法，但在台灣急診或病房，護理師較少有專屬時間執行完整的心理錨定教學。