— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些是低血鈣的臨床表現？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply.)
- APositive Trousseau’s sign✓ 正解Trousseau 徵象陽性
- BPositive Chvostek’s sign✓ 正解Chvostek 徵象陽性
- CMuscle twitching and cramps✓ 正解肌肉抽搐和痙攣
- DShortened QT intervalQT 間期縮短
- EHyperactive deep tendon reflexes✓ 正解深層肌腱反射亢進
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血鈣導致神經肌肉興奮性過高，常見表現有 Trousseau 徵象（測量血壓時手抽搐）、Chvostek 徵象（輕敲臉神經導致面部抽動）、肌肉痙攣以及深部肌腱反射亢進。QT 間期延長是低血鈣特徵，而非縮短。
Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability. Common findings include a positive Trousseau's sign (carpopedal spasm with BP cuff inflation), positive Chvostek's sign (facial twitching when the facial nerve is tapped), muscle cramps, and hyperactive deep tendon reflexes. The QT interval is prolonged—not shortened—in hypocalcemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地臨床上對低血鈣的緊急處理（如補鈣）及檢查標準完全相同。