急性腎損傷（AKI）病人處於少尿期。哪種電解質異常最可能危及生命？

急性腎損傷（AKI）少尿期是指腎臟功能嚴重受損，導致尿液生成量顯著減少（通常小於 400 毫升/天）的階段。在此階段，腎臟無法有效執行其排泄廢物和調節電解質的功能，因此多種電解質異常可能發生。其中，高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）被認為是最危險且可能危及生命的電解質異常，因為它對心臟的電生理活動有直接且劇烈的影響，可能迅速導致致命性心律不整。護理師在照護此類病人時，必須密切監測血鉀值及心電圖變化，並隨時準備進行緊急干預。

The oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI) is the stage in which renal function is severely impaired and urine output is markedly reduced (generally less than 400 mL per day). At this stage, the kidneys cannot effectively excrete waste products or regulate electrolytes, so various electrolyte abnormalities may occur. Among these, hyperkalemia is regarded as the most dangerous and potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance, because it has a direct and dramatic effect on cardiac electrophysiology and can rapidly precipitate lethal arrhythmias. When caring for such clients, the nurse must closely monitor serum potassium levels and ECG changes and be ready to perform emergency interventions at any time.