— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些檢驗結果符合甲狀腺功能低下（Hypothyroidism）的診斷？（選所有適合的）
Which lab results are consistent with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism? (Select all that apply.)
- AHigh TSH✓ 正解TSH 升高
- BLow T4✓ 正解T4 降低
- CLow TSHTSH 降低
- DHigh T3T3 升高
- EElevated cholesterol✓ 正解膽固醇升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能低下（Hypothyroidism）的診斷核心在於甲狀腺素（T4）分泌不足。根據負回饋機制，當血液中 T4 低下時，腦下垂體會代償性分泌更多的促甲狀腺素（TSH）以試圖刺激甲狀腺，因此臨床上呈現高 TSH 與低 T4。此外，甲狀腺素對代謝至關重要，分泌不足會導致血脂代謝變慢，造成膽固醇升高。
The diagnostic hallmark of hypothyroidism is insufficient secretion of thyroxine (T4). Through the negative feedback mechanism, when serum T4 is low, the pituitary compensatorily secretes more thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to attempt to stimulate the thyroid; clinically, this results in elevated TSH with low T4. In addition, thyroid hormone is essential to metabolism, and its deficiency slows lipid metabolism, resulting in elevated cholesterol.