— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
一位術後病人，下列哪些是肺栓塞（PE）的徵象？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative. What are the signs of pulmonary embolism? (Select all that apply.)
- ASudden onset dyspnea✓ 正解突發性呼吸困難
- BChest pain✓ 正解胸痛
- CTachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
- DHemoptysis✓ 正解咳血
- EBradycardia心搏過緩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺栓塞（PE）是術後常見的致命併發症，源於深層靜脈血栓脫落並阻塞肺動脈。其臨床表現與血流阻塞程度相關，典型症狀為突然發作的呼吸困難（dyspnea）、胸痛（chest pain）、心搏過速（tachycardia）及咳血（hemoptysis）。這是典型的 ABC（呼吸、循環）急症，需優先識別並處置。
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common life-threatening postoperative complication caused by a deep vein thrombus that dislodges and obstructs the pulmonary artery. Clinical features are related to the degree of obstruction; classic symptoms include sudden onset dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia, and hemoptysis. This is a typical ABC (airway/breathing, circulation) emergency that must be identified and managed as a priority.