護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl）。給藥前最重要的評估指標為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which assessment is the most important prior to initiating the infusion?
- APresence of a peripheral IV site周邊靜脈留置針的存在
- BUrine output in the previous hour✓ 正解前一小時的尿量
- CCurrent serum potassium level目前的血清鉀濃度
- DThe client's cardiac rhythm病人的心律
氯化鉀（KCl）主要經由腎臟排泄，若病人存在腎功能衰竭或無尿（anuria）情況，給予鉀離子極易導致高血鉀症（hyperkalemia），進而引發致命性心律不整。因此，在給予靜脈鉀離子前，確認病人具備足夠的排泄能力是安全護理的優先事項。尿量是評估腎臟排泄功能最即時的指標，通常建議大於 30 mL/hr 視為腎功能尚可接受。血鉀值與心電圖雖是監測重點，但在給藥前，確保排泄通道暢通是防止藥物蓄積中毒的首要防範措施。
Potassium chloride (KCl) is primarily excreted by the kidneys. If the client has renal failure or anuria, administering potassium can easily lead to hyperkalemia, which in turn can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, before administering IV potassium, confirming that the client has adequate excretory capacity is a top safety priority. Urine output is the most immediate indicator of renal excretory function, and a urine output greater than 30 mL/hr is generally considered acceptable renal function. Although serum potassium level and ECG are important monitoring parameters, ensuring patent excretion pathways before administration is the primary safeguard against drug accumulation and toxicity.