護理師準備為低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl）。給藥前，最高優先級的評估為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer IV potassium chloride (KCl) to a client with hypokalemia. Which assessment is the highest priority before administration?
- ACheck the client's blood glucose level檢查病人的血糖水平
- BEvaluate the client's bowel sounds評估病人的腸鳴音
- CVerify the client's urine output✓ 正解確認病人的尿液排出量
- DAssess the client's blood pressure評估病人的血壓
靜脈輸注鉀離子（KCl）具有高度風險，因鉀離子會直接影響心肌電生理。腎臟是排除鉀離子的主要器官，若腎功能不足導致尿量過少，外源性鉀離子將滯留體內，極易引發致命性的高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）及心搏驟停。因此，確認腎臟排泄功能（尿量至少 30 mL/hr）是給藥前最重要的安全評估（Priority Assessment）。
IV potassium chloride (KCl) infusion is a high-risk procedure because potassium directly affects cardiac electrophysiology. The kidneys are the primary organ for potassium excretion; if renal function is impaired and urine output is too low, exogenous potassium will accumulate in the body, easily causing life-threatening hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. Therefore, verifying renal excretory function (urine output of at least 30 mL/hr) is the most important safety (priority) assessment before administration.
在美國臨床環境中，對於靜脈給予 KCl 的濃度與輸注速率限制極嚴（通常需經由中央靜脈管路），且護理師在給藥前必須嚴格確認病人的最近一次尿量紀錄，此為 NCLEX 考試中的經典安全考題。