— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人接受靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）時出現臉部、頸部及上胸部潮紅。護理師應優先採取何種行動？
A client receiving vancomycin IV experiences flushing of the face, neck, and upper chest. Which action should the nurse take first?
- ADiscontinue the medication permanently永久停止該藥物
- BSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
- CAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- DIncrease the rate of the infusion加快輸注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）若輸注速度過快，會導致組織胺大量釋放，引發「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，表現為臉、頸、上胸部潮紅、搔癢。這並非過敏反應，而是給藥速度相關的副作用。護理師應立即減慢輸注速率，通常症狀即可緩解。若減慢後症狀消失，後續可考慮延長輸注時間，無需永久停藥。
Effective fluid resuscitation is evidenced by improved organ perfusion, including increased urine output (>30 mL/hr), palpable peripheral pulses, and a return to baseline level of consciousness. These indicators reflect restored cardiac output and cerebral blood flow.