— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正為 MRSA 病人靜脈輸注 Vancomycin 1g，病人出現臉部及頸部搔癢與發紅。護理師應優先採取何種行動？
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin 1g intravenously to a client with MRSA. The client reports itching and redness on the face and neck. Which action is the priority?
- AIncrease the infusion rate加快輸注速率
- BAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- CDocument the findings in the chart在病歷中記錄發現
- DStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現符合 Red Man Syndrome，為輸注過快導致組織胺大量釋放。首要步驟是暫停輸注，減緩或停止藥物進入血液循環以控制嚴重性。抗組織胺僅能緩解症狀，而非停止病因。增快速度會惡化病情，記錄則是後續程序。
This clinical presentation is consistent with Red Man Syndrome, which results from rapid infusion causing massive histamine release. The first step is to stop the infusion in order to slow or halt the drug's entry into circulation and control the severity. Antihistamines only relieve symptoms rather than stop the cause; increasing the rate would worsen the condition; and documentation is a subsequent step.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師依 protocol 自行暫停與評估；台灣護理師需與醫師確認後執行，但遇嚴重過敏反應常直接暫停輸液。