護理師照護一位手術前禁食病人，應執行哪些步驟以確保照護安全？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. Which actions should the nurse take to ensure safe care? (Select all that apply.)
- AEnsure the surgical consent is signed and witnessed✓ 正解確保手術同意書已簽署並有見證人
- BConfirm the client has removed all jewelry and piercings✓ 正解確認病人已移除所有珠寶和穿刺飾物
- CVerify the presence of an identification band on the client✓ 正解驗證病人身上是否有身分識別帶
- DObtain an informed consent for the surgery from the client's family向病人家屬取得手術知情同意
- EAdminister preoperative antibiotics exactly as ordered✓ 正解嚴格遵照醫囑給予術前抗生素
術前安全護理（Preoperative nursing care）強調「確認身分、知情同意、預防傷害」。護理師的角色是確認所有必要步驟已完成，包含法律文件（同意書）、生理安全準備（移除異物、給藥）及身分識別，以防止手術錯誤、術中灼傷或感染。這些步驟是手術安全清單（Surgical Safety Checklist）的核心組成。
Preoperative nursing care emphasizes identity verification, informed consent, and injury prevention. The nurse's role is to confirm that all required steps have been completed, including legal documentation (consent form), physiologic safety preparation (removal of foreign objects, medication administration), and identification, in order to prevent surgical errors, intraoperative burns, or infection. These steps are core components of the Surgical Safety Checklist.
美國醫院對於「手術安全清單」執行極為嚴謹（Time-out 制度），護理師必須在病人進入手術室前，親自確認所有項目並在電子病歷上勾選完成，若有任何一項未完成，手術將被強制暫停。