護理師教導病人使用誘發性肺量計（incentive spirometer）。哪一步驟最需要強調？
A nurse is teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer. What is the most important step the nurse should emphasize?
- AInhale slowly and deeply✓ 正解緩慢且深長地吸氣
- BKeep the device in a horizontal position將裝置保持水平位置
- CBreathe normally through the device通過裝置正常呼吸
- DExhale forcefully into the device用力向裝置內呼氣
誘發性肺量計（Incentive Spirometer, IS）的核心目的是預防術後肺部併發症（如肺塌陷、肺炎）。其運作機轉在於藉由緩慢、深長的吸氣，產生負壓以擴張肺泡並增加肺容積。護理師必須強調「吸氣（Inhalation）」而非「呼氣」，且需維持緩慢節奏，以確保氣體能到達終末細支氣管。臨床上，若病人用力吸氣會導致呼吸肌過度疲勞或發生過度換氣，反而無法達到深呼吸效果。
The core purpose of the incentive spirometer (IS) is to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications (such as atelectasis and pneumonia). Its mechanism relies on a slow, deep inhalation that creates negative pressure to expand the alveoli and increase lung volume. The nurse must emphasize inhalation rather than exhalation, and must encourage a slow pace so that air reaches the terminal bronchioles. Clinically, forceful inhalation by the client can cause respiratory muscle fatigue or hyperventilation and will not achieve the desired deep breathing effect.