護理師正在衛教一位新開立阿崙膦酸鈉（Alendronate，福善美）的病人。應包含哪些指導？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for Alendronate. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- ATake the medication with a full glass of water✓ 正解用一杯滿的水服用藥物
- BSit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking it✓ 正解服用後保持直立姿勢至少 30 分鐘
- CTake the medication with breakfast與早餐一起服用藥物
- DTake the medication first thing in the morning✓ 正解在早晨起床後第一時間服用藥物
- ECrush the tablet if it is difficult to swallow若難以吞嚥則將藥片壓碎
阿崙膦酸鈉（Alendronate，商品名 Fosamax）是一種雙磷酸鹽類（bisphosphonate）藥物，主要用於治療和預防骨質疏鬆症。這類藥物在服用時有非常特定的指導原則，以確保藥物能被有效吸收，同時最大程度地減少對食道的刺激和潛在的嚴重副作用，如食道炎（esophagitis）或食道潰瘍（esophageal ulcers）。 這些藥物如果停留在食道中，會直接腐蝕食道黏膜，造成嚴重損傷。因此，護理師在衛教病人時，必須強調正確的服藥方法，包括在早晨空腹服用以利吸收、配足量清水幫助藥物迅速通過食道，以及服藥後保持直立姿勢至少 30 分鐘，以防止胃食道逆流和食道刺激。這些細節對於病人的安全和治療效果至關重要。
Alendronate (brand: Fosamax) is a bisphosphonate used to treat and prevent osteoporosis. These medications have very specific administration instructions to ensure absorption and minimize serious adverse effects such as esophagitis or esophageal ulcers. If the drug lingers in the esophagus, it can directly erode the mucosa. Therefore the nurse must emphasize taking the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach for absorption, with a full glass of water to flush it past the esophagus quickly, and remaining upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent reflux and esophageal irritation. These details are critical for safety and effectiveness.