— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師指導一位新開 Phenytoin 的病人，哪項衛教內容最重要？
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Phenytoin. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include?
- ATake the medication with an antacid to prevent nausea與制酸劑同服以預防噁心
- BIncrease intake of foods rich in vitamin C增加攝取富含維生素C的食物
- CReport any weight loss to the physician向醫師報告任何體重減輕
- DPerform thorough oral hygiene with a soft toothbrush✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷徹底清潔口腔
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 常見副作用是牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia）。衛教病人落實口腔護理並使用軟毛牙刷，能有效減少牙齦發炎與增生程度。A 為錯誤，制酸劑會干擾 Phenytoin 吸收；C 與藥物副作用無直接顯著關聯。
A common side effect of phenytoin is gingival hyperplasia. Teaching the client to maintain meticulous oral hygiene and to use a soft-bristle toothbrush can effectively reduce gum inflammation and the extent of hyperplasia. Option A is incorrect because antacids interfere with the absorption of phenytoin; option B has no direct or significant relationship to the drug's adverse effects.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師會強調定期牙醫檢查；台灣護理衛教通常較強調服藥規律性與觀察皮疹。