— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪種行為顯示病人正成功地適應喪偶之痛？
Which behavior indicates that a client is successfully coping with the loss of a spouse?
- AAvoiding reminders of the deceased spouse避免接觸已故配偶的任何紀念物
- BExpressing grief while participating in daily activities✓ 正解在參與日常活動的同時表達悲傷
- CIdealizing the deceased spouse's personality將已故配偶的人格理想化
- DFocusing exclusively on the spouse's past achievements專注於配偶過去的成就
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
適應喪親之痛是一個動態過程。成功的適應（復原）並非不再悲傷，而是在允許自己表達悲傷的同時，能持續參與日常生活。A 與 C 選項屬於逃避與防衛機轉，未能正視失落感，D 選項則是過度耽溺於過去，阻礙了重建過程。
Adapting to bereavement is a dynamic process. Successful adaptation (recovery) does not mean ceasing to grieve, but rather being able to continue daily activities while permitting oneself to express grief. Options A and C represent avoidance and defense mechanisms that fail to confront the loss, while option D reflects excessive preoccupation with the past, hindering the rebuilding process.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美式文化傾向鼓勵積極公開討論哀傷；台灣文化常因社會壓力傾向內斂或轉移焦點，護理師需尊重個別文化差異。