— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位末期癌症病人，病人表達感到絕望。下列哪些護理措施適切？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with terminal cancer who expresses feelings of hopelessness. Which actions are appropriate for the nurse to implement? (Select all that apply.)
- AValidate the client's feelings about the situation✓ 正解確認病人對該情況的感受
- BEncourage the client to focus only on the future鼓勵病人只專注於未來
- CProvide opportunities for the client to express emotions✓ 正解提供病人表達情緒的機會
- DOffer false reassurance that things will get better提供事情會好轉的虛假安慰
- EAssess the client for suicidal ideation✓ 正解評估病人是否有自殺意念
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對末期病人的絕望感，護理介入的核心在於「治療性溝通（Therapeutic Communication）」與「病人安全」。絕望是病人面對不可逆疾病時的心理反應，護理師應提供情緒支持而非試圖改變病人的觀點。正確的護理策略包括：接納（Validation）其感受以建立信任、提供表達空間以減輕心理負擔，以及評估潛在的危機風險。盲目的樂觀或虛假的安慰會破壞護理師與病人之間的治療性關係。
Appropriate nursing actions for a hopeless terminal client include validating their feelings, providing opportunities for emotional expression, and assessing for suicidal ideation. These therapeutic communication techniques build trust and ensure safety, whereas false reassurance or forced optimism can damage the nurse-client relationship.