— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，主訴心悸、出汗及瀕死感。護理師應優先採取哪項措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, sweating, and feelings of impending doom. Which intervention is the priority for the nurse?
- AAdminister an as-needed dose of alprazolam給予處方劑量的阿普唑侖（alprazolam）
- BReview the client's medication compliance history檢視病人的用藥順從性歷史
- CInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示病人對著紙袋呼吸
- DStay with the client and provide a calm environment✓ 正解陪伴病人並提供安靜的環境
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對急性焦慮發作（Panic attack）的病人，護理師的第一任務是提供心理支持與安全感。保持在場（Stay with the client）能有效降低病人的瀕死恐懼與無助感。營造冷靜、低刺激的環境是穩定情緒的基礎。其他處置（如給藥）應在評估病人穩定後再考慮，且過度換氣時使用紙袋法已被現代醫學證實可能導致缺氧，已不再使用。
During an acute panic attack, the nurse's priority is to stay with the client and provide a calm, low-stimulation environment to reduce fear and ensure safety. Pharmacological interventions are secondary to immediate psychological stabilization and presence.