— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師護理一位接受肝素(Heparin)靜脈輸注的病人。護理師應監測哪項實驗室數值?
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intravenous heparin therapy. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
- AInternational Normalized Ratio (INR)國際標準化比值(INR)
- BActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)✓ 正解活化部分凝血活酶時間(aPTT)
- CProthrombin time (PT)凝血酶原時間(PT)
- DPlatelet count血小板計數
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝素主要作用於內源性凝血路徑,因此監測 aPTT 是調整劑量的標準。PT 與 INR 是監測華法林(Warfarin)的指標。血小板數量雖需監測以防肝素誘發之血小板低下症,但非判斷肝素治療效果的直接指標。
Heparin acts on the intrinsic clotting pathway, so aPTT is the standard lab value used to adjust dosing. PT and INR monitor warfarin therapy (extrinsic pathway). Platelet counts are monitored for HIT (heparin-induced thrombocytopenia) but do not measure therapeutic effect.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國,護理師常依據諾模圖(Nomogram)自主調整肝素劑量;台灣通常仍需醫師下達劑量調整醫囑。