— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
病人進行輸血時，哪項動作至關重要？
Which action is critical when a client is receiving blood transfusion?
- AWarm the blood to room temperature將血液加熱至室溫
- BVerify the patient identity and blood type with another nurse✓ 正解與另一位護理師共同核對病人身份與血型
- CStart the transfusion immediately after arrival from the lab從檢驗科返回後立即開始輸血
- DAdminister the blood slowly over 6 hours在6小時內緩慢輸注血液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
輸血安全是 NCLEX 重要考點。溶血性輸血反應（Hemolytic transfusion reaction）多源於人為錯誤，即輸錯血型。為了確保病人安全，雙人核對（Two-nurse verification）程序必須在床邊進行，核對病人身分（姓名、ID號碼）、血袋號碼、血型、保存期限及醫囑，這是預防醫療疏失的最後防線。
Transfusion safety is critical. Hemolytic transfusion reactions are most often caused by human error in patient or blood-product identification. Two-nurse bedside verification of the client's identity (name, ID number), blood bag number, blood type, expiration, and order is the final safety check to prevent fatal mismatched transfusions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院臨床對於輸血時的兩名護理師核對（Two-nurse bedside check）要求極為嚴格，通常需在病人床邊（Bedside）同時簽名確認，違規視同重大醫療疏失。