護理師準備給予多種藥物。下列哪些藥物在給藥前應與醫師進行確認？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer several medications. Which medications should the nurse clarify with the provider before administration? (Select all that apply.)
- APotassium chloride IV push for a client with hypokalemia✓ 正解對低鉀血症病人靜脈推注氯化鉀
- BHeparin bolus for a client with an active GI bleed✓ 正解對活動性胃腸道出血病人給予肝素推注
- CMorphine sulfate 2 mg IV for a client reporting pain of 6/10對主訴疼痛程度 6/10 的病人給予 2 mg 嗎啡硫酸鹽靜脈注射
- DWarfarin 5 mg for a client with an INR of 4.5✓ 正解對 INR 為 4.5 的病人給予 5 mg 華法林
- EInsulin glargine for a client with a capillary blood glucose of 70 mg/dL對毛細管血糖為 70 mg/dL 的病人給予甘精胰島素
護理師需運用批判性思考檢視醫囑安全性。A選項：氯化鉀嚴禁靜脈直接推注（會導致心跳停止）；B選項：活動性出血為抗凝劑禁忌；D選項：INR 4.5 顯示過度抗凝，此時給予華法林極危險。C選項為常規止痛；E選項長效胰島素無低血糖禁忌。
Nurses must critically evaluate orders. (A) Potassium chloride must never be given by IV push—it can cause cardiac arrest. (B) Heparin bolus is contraindicated with active GI bleeding. (D) An INR of 4.5 indicates supratherapeutic anticoagulation; giving more warfarin would increase bleeding risk. (C) Morphine 2 mg IV for 6/10 pain is a standard, safe order. (E) Insulin glargine is long-acting; a glucose of 70 mg/dL is borderline but not severe hypoglycemia, and glargine does not produce immediate peaks.
兩地均嚴格遵循藥物安全給藥規範，對於致命性醫囑（如 KCL push）皆採拒絕執行並回報。