— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
個案正在經歷恐慌發作，護理師應優先採取哪項措施？
A client is experiencing a panic attack. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
- AInstruct the client to sit in a quiet, dark room alone指示病人在安靜、黑暗的房間獨自就座
- BMaintain a calm, firm, and supportive presence✓ 正解保持冷靜、堅定且支持性的存在
- CAdminister an anti-anxiety medication immediately立即給予抗焦慮藥物
- DAsk the client to explain what triggered the attack詢問病人解釋引發發作的因素
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作（Panic attack）時，個案常感到極度恐懼、瀕死感且失去自我控制，此時其認知功能會下降，無法進行理性思考或分析原因。護理師的首要任務是提供安全感，透過專業、穩定且冷靜的態度（Calm, firm, and supportive presence），能有效降低個案的焦慮程度並建立信任感。此過程需避免過多刺激，並確保個案不會因過度換氣或恐慌行為受到傷害。
During a panic attack, the client cannot process complex information or analyze causes. The nurse's first priority is to provide safety through a calm, firm, supportive presence to lower anxiety and build trust. Excessive stimuli should be minimized but the client should not be left alone. Asking about triggers or administering medication is appropriate later.