護理長評估職場暴力風險，哪些介入措施有效？（選所有適合的）
A nurse manager is assessing the risk of workplace violence. Which interventions are effective? (Select all that apply.)
- AInstalling panic buttons in treatment rooms✓ 正解在治療室安裝緊急警報按鈕
- BTraining staff in de-escalation techniques✓ 正解訓練員工使用降溫技巧
- CEncouraging staff to work alone in isolated areas鼓勵員工在隔離區域單獨工作
- DHaving a clear policy for reporting violent incidents✓ 正解制定明確之暴力事件通報政策
- ELimiting visitor access during high-risk times✓ 正解在高風險時段限制訪客進入
職場暴力防範需整合環境安全、教育訓練與制度規範。安裝緊急警報（Panic buttons）與限制高風險時段的訪客能提供實體保護；情緒降溫技巧（De-escalation）則能增強護理師應對衝突的能力；明確的報告制度能確保數據收集與後續改善。鼓勵員工單獨在偏僻處工作會大幅增加暴力風險，絕對不應作為防範策略。
Workplace violence prevention requires an integrated approach of environmental safety, education, and institutional policies. Installing panic buttons and limiting visitor access during high-risk times provide physical protection; de-escalation training strengthens the nurse's ability to handle conflict; and a clear reporting policy ensures data collection and ongoing improvement. Encouraging staff to work alone in isolated areas significantly increases the risk of violence and should never be employed as a preventive strategy.