— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · MCQ —
一位重度憂鬱症病人開始服用 Phenelzine（單胺氧化酶抑制劑 MAOI）。病人的哪種食物選擇需要立即介入？
A client with Major Depressive Disorder is being started on Phenelzine (an MAOI). Which food choice by the client requires immediate intervention?
- AScrambled eggs and white toast炒蛋和白吐司
- BFresh apples and peanut butter新鮮蘋果和花生醬
- CGrilled chicken with steamed broccoli烤雞肉配蒸西蘭花
- DA pepperoni and aged cheddar pizza✓ 正解辣味臘腸和陳年切達起司披薩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
服用 MAOI 期間必須嚴格遵守低酪胺（Low-tyramine）飲食。臘腸（Pepperoni）和熟成起司（Aged cheddar）含有高量酪胺，會引發高血壓危機（Hypertensive crisis）。C、B、A 均屬於低酪胺食物，可安全食用。這是精神科藥物護理中極為經典的考點。
While taking an MAOI, a strict low-tyramine diet must be followed. Pepperoni and aged cheddar contain high levels of tyramine and can trigger a hypertensive crisis. Options C, B, and A are all low-tyramine foods and can be eaten safely. This is a classic test point in psychiatric medication nursing.
✦ 台美臨床差異
雖然 MAOI 在台灣已較少作為第一線用藥，但 NCLEX 仍將其列為高風險藥物的重點考題。