— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
高血壓病人服用 Lisinopril，護理師應指導病人若出現哪些副作用應立即報告？（選所有適合的）
A client with a history of hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effects should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- APersistent dry cough✓ 正解持續性乾咳
- BSwelling of the lips and tongue✓ 正解嘴唇和舌頭腫脹
- CDizziness upon standing站起時的頭暈
- DFever and sore throat✓ 正解發燒和喉嚨痛
- EGeneralized muscle weakness全身性肌肉無力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACE 抑制劑常見副作用包括持久性乾咳（因緩激肽堆積）以及嚴重的血管性水腫（嘴唇舌頭腫脹）。此外，雖然較罕見，但需警惕嗜中性球低下導致的發燒與喉嚨痛。頭暈多為姿態性低血壓初期適應現象，非必須立即報告的緊急徵兆。
Common side effects of ACE inhibitors include a persistent dry cough (due to accumulation of bradykinin) and severe angioedema (swelling of the lips and tongue). In addition, although less common, vigilance is required for fever and sore throat resulting from neutropenia. Dizziness is usually an early adaptive manifestation of orthostatic hypotension and is not an emergency finding that must be reported immediately.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地用藥衛教重點一致，特別強調血管性水腫的危急程度。