照護接受經尿道前列腺切除術（TURP）並施行膀胱連續沖洗（CBI）的病人，下列哪些措施是必要的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are essential when managing a client with a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) following a TURP? (Select all that apply.)
- ABright red blood with clots indicates arterial bleeding; increasing rate may be insufficient; notify surgeon.鮮紅色血液伴隨血塊表示動脈出血；增加沖洗速率可能不足；需通知外科醫師
- BAccurate output is calculated by subtracting input volume from the drainage bag volume.✓ 正解準確的尿量計算方式為從引流袋容量中減去輸入容量
- CPatency is crucial to prevent bladder distension and increased pressure on the surgical site.✓ 正解管路暢通至關重要，以防止膀胱擴張及增加手術部位的壓力
- DBladder spasms are a common complication following TURP and require analgesia or antispasmodics.✓ 正解膀胱痙攣是經尿道前列腺切除術後的常見併發症，需要止痛藥或解痙劑
- EIrrigation fluid should be warmed to prevent cold-induced bladder spasms.沖洗液應加溫以防止因寒冷誘發的膀胱痙攣
TURP 術後 CBI 目的為排除血塊。A 錯誤：血塊多或色澤鮮紅為出血跡象，需請醫師評估；B 正確：計算尿量需扣除沖洗量；C 正確：確保管路通暢避免尿液滯留造成膀胱壓力；D 正確：膀胱痙攣是術後常見不適；E 錯誤：應加溫沖洗液以減少冷刺激引發痙攣。
The purpose of CBI after TURP is to clear blood clots. A is incorrect: a large amount of clots or bright red color suggests bleeding and requires physician evaluation; B is correct: when calculating urine output, the irrigation volume must be subtracted; C is correct: keeping the tubing patent prevents urine retention and the resulting bladder pressure; D is correct: bladder spasm is a common postoperative discomfort; E is incorrect: irrigation fluid should be warmed to reduce cold-stimulated spasms.
美國護理師常依據醫囑執行 CBI 流速調整，台灣則多由醫師親自評估後下達醫囑調整流速。