哪項行為最能展現對病人的「倡導（Advocacy）」？
Which of the following actions best illustrates the concept of 'advocacy' for a client?
- ASuggesting that the client choose the most expensive treatment建議病人選擇最昂貴的治療方案
- BFollowing all physician orders without questioning不加質疑地遵循所有醫師指示
- CQuestioning a medication order that contradicts the client's known allergy✓ 正解質疑與病人已知過敏史相衝突的藥物指示
- DTelling the family to remain silent about their wishes告訴家屬對他們的意願保持沉默
倡導（Advocacy）是護理師的核心職責之一，意指為病人爭取權益、保護其安全，並確保其聲音被聽見。這要求護理師具備批判性思考能力、對病人福祉的高度關注，以及在必要時挑戰現狀或質疑醫囑的勇氣。 正確答案 C（質疑與病人已知過敏史相衝突的藥物醫囑）最能體現倡導精神。當護理師發現醫囑可能對病人造成危害時（例如，病人對藥物 A 過敏，醫囑卻開立藥物 A），必須立刻停止執行，並與開立醫囑的醫師溝通，確保病人安全。這超越了單純服從醫囑的層面，展現了護理師作為病人安全守門員的角色。 選項 B（不質疑地遵循所有醫囑）可能導致潛在的醫療疏失，與倡導精神背道而馳。選項 A（建議病人選擇最昂貴的治療）可能涉及不當的醫療推銷，而非以病人的最佳利益為考量。選項 D（要求家屬保持沉默）剝奪了家屬表達意願的權利，與倡導病人權利的原則相反。
Advocacy is a core nursing duty, meaning championing client rights, ensuring safety, and amplifying their voice. It requires critical thinking, deep concern for client welfare, and courage to challenge the status quo when needed. The correct answer C (questioning a medication order that conflicts with a known allergy) best embodies advocacy. When the nurse identifies a potentially harmful order, it must be stopped and clarified with the prescriber to ensure safety. This goes beyond mere compliance and reflects the nurse's role as a safety gatekeeper. Option B (following all orders without question) may lead to medical errors and contradicts advocacy. Option A (recommending the most expensive treatment) may involve inappropriate marketing rather than the client's best interest. Option D (telling family to remain silent) strips them of their right to express wishes, opposing the principle of advocating for client rights.