— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一名急性胰臟炎病人表現出嚴重腹痛。根據生理變化，護理師預期會發現哪項實驗室檢測結果？
A client with acute pancreatitis presents with severe abdominal pain. Which laboratory finding would the nurse expect to find based on the physiological changes?
- ADecreased white blood cell count白血球計數減少
- BElevated serum amylase and lipase✓ 正解血清澱粉酶和脂肪酶升高
- CElevated serum calcium levels血清鈣離子水平升高
- DLow serum glucose levels低血清葡萄糖水平
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎因胰臟消化酶（澱粉酶、脂肪酶）外漏至周邊組織，導致這些酵素在血液中濃度飆升。澱粉酶升高通常在發作後幾小時內出現，脂肪酶的特異性較高，為診斷黃金標準。低血鈣常見於重症個案，非初期診斷指標；白血球數通常會升高而非降低。
Acute pancreatitis results in leakage of pancreatic digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase) into surrounding tissues, causing their serum levels to spike. Amylase rises within hours of onset; lipase is more specific and the diagnostic gold standard. Hypocalcemia is common in severe cases but not an early indicator; WBC count is usually elevated, not decreased.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於胰臟炎的診斷均依賴影像學與酵素檢查，無顯著差異。