— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位新開立舌下硝酸甘油片（Nitroglycerin）的病人。下列哪項指導最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which instruction is most important to include?
- ASwallow the tablet with a full glass of water用一杯滿的水吞服藥片
- BTake the medication with meals to avoid GI upset隨餐服用藥物以避免胃腸不適
- CStore the medication in its original dark glass bottle✓ 正解將藥物存放在其原始的深色玻璃瓶中
- DExpect the medication to have no side effects預期該藥物不會有任何副作用
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
舌下硝酸甘油片（Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets）是一種用於快速緩解心絞痛的藥物。其通過舌下黏膜吸收，直接進入全身循環，避免肝臟的首過效應，因此起效迅速。然而，硝酸甘油對光、熱和空氣極為敏感，這些環境因素會導致藥物分解，使其效力降低甚至完全失效。因此，護理師對病人進行用藥指導時，正確的儲存方式是確保藥物在緊急情況下能夠有效發揮作用的關鍵。
Sublingual nitroglycerin is absorbed through the oral mucosa, bypasses first-pass metabolism, and provides rapid relief of angina. Nitroglycerin is highly sensitive to light, heat, and air—exposure degrades the drug. The medication must be stored in its original dark glass container, tightly closed, to preserve potency for emergency use. Common side effects include headache and hypotension.