加護病房（ICU）病人產生醫療照護相關感染（HAI）的首要危險因子為何？
What is the primary risk factor for developing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in the ICU?
- AThe use of invasive devices✓ 正解使用侵入性裝置
- BThe proximity to other patients與其他病患距離過近
- CThe lack of sunlight in the ICU加護病房缺乏日光
- DThe age of the patient病患的年齡
加護病房（ICU）病人因病況危重，常需使用各類侵入性裝置，如呼吸器、中心靜脈導管、留置尿管等。這些裝置直接破壞了身體原有的生理屏障，是導致醫療照護相關感染（HAI）的最主要危險因子。雖然病人年齡與環境因素也有影響，但侵入性裝置的使用是導致 HAI 的直接且最關鍵因素。護理重點應在於嚴格遵守無菌操作與裝置照護規範。
Because ICU patients are critically ill, they frequently require various invasive devices such as mechanical ventilators, central venous catheters, and indwelling urinary catheters. These devices directly disrupt the body's natural physiologic barriers and are the primary risk factor for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Although patient age and environmental factors also have an influence, the use of invasive devices is the most direct and critical factor contributing to HAIs. The focus of nursing care should be strict adherence to aseptic technique and device-related care protocols.