護理師為高齡者規劃防跌健康促進活動。哪些策略能有效預防跌倒？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning health promotion activities for elderly adults. Which strategies effectively prevent falls? (Select all that apply.)
- ARemoving tripping hazards like loose rugs✓ 正解移除鬆動地毯等絆倒危險物
- BInstalling grab bars in the bathroom✓ 正解在浴室安裝扶手
- CEncouraging regular vision screenings✓ 正解鼓勵定期進行視力檢查
- DEngaging in daily strengthening and balance exercises✓ 正解參與每日的肌力增強與平衡運動
- EApplying high-gloss wax to floors在地板上塗抹高光澤蠟
預防老年人跌倒需進行全方位的環境改造與個人能力提升。環境因素如移除地毯（Tripping hazards）、加裝扶手（Grab bars）可減少絆倒與失衡；個人因素則需透過視力矯正（確保看清障礙物）及肌力與平衡訓練（維持穩定步態）。高光澤地板在光線照射下會產生眩光（Glare），且若地板材質過滑，反而會增加跌倒機率。
Preventing falls in older adults requires comprehensive environmental modification and enhancement of individual abilities. Environmental factors, such as removing loose rugs (tripping hazards) and installing grab bars, reduce tripping and loss of balance; individual factors include vision correction (to clearly see obstacles) and strengthening and balance training (to maintain a stable gait). High-gloss flooring produces glare under lighting and, if the surface is slippery, actually increases the risk of falls.
美國非常重視居家環境評估（Home Safety Assessment），護理師在出院計畫中常需與職能治療師（OT）合作，評估病人家中環境是否符合防跌需求。