護理師照顧糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）病人。當血糖降至 250 mg/dL 時，預期會改用哪種靜脈補充液？
A nurse is caring for a client with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Which IV fluid should the nurse expect to administer once the blood glucose reaches 250 mg/dL?
- A0.45% Saline0.45% 生理食鹽水
- BLactated Ringer's乳酸林格氏液
- C3% Normal Saline3% 高張生理食鹽水
- D5% Dextrose in 0.45% Saline✓ 正解含 5% 葡萄糖之 0.45% 生理食鹽水
在糖尿病酮酸中毒 (DKA) 的治療過程中，胰島素用於降低血糖並抑制酮體生成。當血糖降至 250 mg/dL 時，單純使用胰島素若無葡萄糖補充，極易導致血糖下降過快，引發腦水腫 (Cerebral edema) 及低血糖。此時須改用含葡萄糖的點滴（如 D5W 或 D5NS），以維持血糖穩定並持續胰島素治療直到酮酸中毒緩解。
During the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), insulin is used to lower blood glucose and suppress ketone production. When blood glucose decreases to 250 mg/dL, continuing insulin alone without glucose supplementation can cause blood glucose to fall too rapidly, leading to cerebral edema and hypoglycemia. At this point, IV fluids containing dextrose (such as D5W or D5NS) should be initiated to maintain stable blood glucose while insulin therapy continues until the ketoacidosis resolves.