護理師監測接受輸血的病人時，病人出現寒顫、腰痛及低血壓。下列何項行動應優先執行？
A nurse is monitoring a client receiving a blood transfusion. The client develops chills, flank pain, and hypotension. Which action is the priority?
- AObtain a urine specimen取得尿液檢體
- BStop the transfusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸血
- CAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- DNotify the laboratory通知檢驗室
急性溶血性輸血反應（Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction）通常由 ABO 血型不合引起，是輸血中最危險的併發症。症狀包括寒顫、發燒、腰痛（腎臟受損徵兆）、低血壓與血尿。護理師一旦發現，必須立即停止輸血（Stop the transfusion），並以生理食鹽水維持管路通暢，避免原本的血液持續輸入。接著通知醫師、送回剩餘血液與管路至血庫檢驗，並監測生命徵象與尿量。
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is typically caused by ABO incompatibility and is the most dangerous complication of transfusion. Symptoms include chills, fever, flank pain (a sign of kidney injury), hypotension, and hematuria. Once the nurse identifies these signs, the transfusion must be stopped immediately and the IV line maintained with normal saline to prevent further infusion of the original blood. Next, the physician should be notified, the remaining blood and tubing returned to the blood bank for testing, and vital signs and urine output monitored.