護理師照護一位中性白血球減少症（neutropenia）的病人，應採取哪些預防措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- ARestrict fresh flowers and potted plants✓ 正解限制鮮花與盆栽
- BLimit visitors to healthy adults only✓ 正解僅限健康成人探視
- CEncourage consumption of fresh raw fruits鼓勵食用新鮮生水果
- DPerform meticulous hand hygiene✓ 正解執行嚴謹的手部衛生
- EAvoid invasive procedures such as rectal temperatures✓ 正解避免侵入性程序，如測量肛溫
中性白血球減少症（Neutropenia）病人因免疫力低下，無法有效對抗環境中的病原體，極易引發伺機性感染。核心護理目標為「預防感染（Infection Control）」。正確措施包括移除環境中黴菌滋生源（花草）、嚴格管控訪客接觸、落實標準防護措施（手部衛生），以及避免黏膜破損（如肛溫）。臨床護理思路應遵循「防護優先」原則，任何可能導致黏膜受損或引入細菌的途徑皆須阻斷。
Clients with neutropenia require strict infection control measures, including restricting fresh flowers and potted plants to reduce fungal exposure, limiting visitors to healthy adults, and performing meticulous hand hygiene. Invasive procedures like rectal temperatures should be avoided to prevent mucosal trauma, while raw fruits should also be restricted due to bacterial risks.
在美國臨床實務中，對於嚴重的 Neutropenia 病人，護理師通常會主動為其執行 Protective Isolation（保護性隔離），並強制要求訪客在進入病室前穿戴隔離衣與手套，這比台灣一般病房的標準更為嚴格。